On foreign policy, the US has also taken a dramatic turn under Trump 2.0. with implications for the world order. Trump has announced US intention to acquire Greenland, Panama Canal and Gaza, and make Canada the 51st state of the federation. The US-Canada relations have further moved from historical cordiality to unpredictable animosity, as the Trump administration imposed 25% tariffs on imports from both Canada and Mexico which were later cooled off. The US also imposed 10% tariffs on imports from China, promised Europe to be the next, and announced tariff reciprocity in its trade relations with India. Trump has withdrawn the US from international climate commitments, suspended all US foreign aid except for Israel and Egypt, and declared the end of the days of the USAID. Saudi Arabia has moved from a pariah state to the new darling of the US diplomacy. Without Ukraine and Europe, the US started peace talks with Russia, promised to lift sanctions, and rationalised the need for Kyiv to concede territory. While the US Vice President JD Vance questioned the democratic credentials of Europe in a Munich Submit, US Defence Secretary Pete Hegseth restated Trump’s position that the continent must pay for its defences. Moreover, Trump has condemned South Africa’s Expropriation Act as racist against the White minority and controversially promised to relocate them to the US. Amidst these, thousands of illegal immigrants from across the world are now facing deportation in the US, and many African nationals, notably Nigerians, Ghanian, Kenyan, Zambian and Zimbabwean are affected. Consequently, the world is changing very fast with the second coming of Trump.

Against this background, this project calls for critical examination of the US foreign policy under Trump 2.0. and implications for world order, disorder and reorder. The project is designed to inspire critical African reactions and reflections on recent changes in different aspects of international relations from economics, politics, technology, administration, and culture to environment as it concerns the continent, other regions of the world, and the global community, focusing on the centrality of Trump’s second coming in this context. To understand Trump’s 2.0. US foreign policy, this project calls on research participants and contributors to draw from Trump and his associate or team’s (1) actions, policy and strategy in his first term in office (2017-2021), (2) 2024 comeback campaign promises and speeches, announcements, declarations, press statements, plans, proposals, and experiences (3) post-election and pre-inauguration speeches, announcements, declarations, engagements, and press releases, and (4) post-inauguration and presidential announcements, declarations, speeches, dispositions, executive orders, press briefings, actions, engagements, policies, and strategies.

On these bases, the project is interested in how African scholars view and perceive:

1. Trump’s 2.0. US foreign policy dispositions, actions, and engagements,

2. how they are (re)shaping and impacting various subject of interests in international relations,
3. their implications for different countries and regions of the world, and
4. the attention and reactions that they have generated from across the world.